Periodontal disease is a disease that affects the supporting tissues of the tooth, the gingiva / gum and the periodontal tissue, the tissue that connects the tooth and the bone supporting the teeth of the alveolar bone. Periodontal disease is one of the most pervasive diseases in human life, so most societies accept this condition as inevitable. However, etiology studies, prevention and treatment of periodontal disease suggest that the disease is preventable. The most common diseases of periodontal tissue are gingivitis and periodontitis.
Gingivitis is an inflammation of bacterial-induced gums with clinical signs of change in color redder than normal, swollen gums and bleeding at mild pressure. Patients usually do not feel pain in the gums. Gingivitis is reversible gum tissue can return to normal if done cleaning the plaque with a toothbrush regularly.
Periodontitis shows inflammation that already concerns the deeper tooth support tissues. This disease is progressive, usually found between the ages of 30-40 years and irreversible / can not return to normal as before, ie if not treated can cause tooth loss and when the tooth is lost / dated means failure in maintaining the presence of teeth in the cavity mouth for life.
Porphyromonas Gingivalis is an obligate anaerobic gram negative coccobacillus bacteria in the oral cavity associated with periodontal tissue damage in humans. Porphyromonas Gingivalis is almost always found in the subgigible and persistent regions of the reservoir on the mucosal surfaces such as the tongue and tonsils, but Porphyromonas Gingivalis is rarely found in healthy human plaque.
As mentioned above, direct tissue damage can be caused by bacterial infection of P.gingivalis through bacterial products or indirectly.
Maintaining oral hygiene is the most effective preventative remedy through cleansing and elimination of local factors such as plaque by brushing teeth and by scaling to remove calculus / tartar. Calculus is a hard deposit derived from calcified plaque usually present in the cervix / neck of the tooth and can be a chronic irritant to the gums resulting in inflammation. Besides that the prevention of periodontal disease can be done by eliminating bad habits such as bruxism / kerot, breathing through the mouth and correcting the condition of teeth with occlusal trauma due to malposition, that is the wrong position of the teeth and the hidden teeth.
Proper and correct brushing is necessary because the wrong toothbrush with a horizontal direction will cause abrasion / tooth eroded or gingival recession / sagging gums so that periondontal diseases will be easier to occur. Use a soft bristle brush so as not to injure the gums. Should brush the tooth replaced at least once every three months, thus the bristle brush is still effective in cleaning the teeth. Using dental floss or dental floss to clean between teeth with proper and proper technique needs to be taken care not to injure the gums and make inflammation.
Control to the dentist regularly is important to know changes in teeth and gums. If periodontal abnormalities have occurred, then therapy and care are required. Using an antiseptic mouthwash containing 0.20% chlorhexidine for at least 1 minute as much as 10 cc proved effective in relieving inflammatory processes in the periodontal tissues.
Periodontal disease therapy involves scaling the release of the calculus from its attachment to the tooth. This action is necessary because calculus is an inherent, hard and not lost calcified deposit with a toothbrush. In addition it needs to be done curettage is a periodontal pocket cleaning action that contains many food debrismaupun germs to prevent further inflammation.
If there is evidence of both clinical and microbiological germ involvement, your dentist will provide antibiotics appropriate to the cause of the periodontal disease. Periodontal disease is a disorder that begins with dental plaque so the key to success in prevention efforts is to do dick plaque and it would be better if the scalling to the dentist at least 6 months.
Author:
drg. Sartika Puspita
UMY Lecturer
Dentist specialist RSGM UMY child
Jl. HOS Cokroaminoto No.17 Yogyakarta